De la médiation muséale à la médiation sociale : la transformation digitale des organisations doit-elle aussi inclure les musées ?

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Cet article étudie le rôle joué par les Technologies de l’Information et de la Communication (TIC), et spécifiquement les médias sociaux, dans la reconfiguration des processus de médiation (« Kulturvermittlung ») mis en œuvre par les musées dans le cadre de leur transformation numérique. Nous y adoptons une méthodologie de recherche mixte, comprenant une étude qualitative menée au sein d’une sélection de musées en France, une enquête sortie de musée au  Louvre (Paris, France) et enfin une enquête quantitative en ligne. Nos résultats mettent en avant le concept de médiation sociale et illustrent l’évolution des processus de médiation muséale. Ces derniers sont davantage axés sur la transformation de l’expérience du visiteur d’un format réceptif (consommation de contenu informatif et divertissant) à un format interactif et collaboratif, afin de mieux répondre aux besoins des visiteurs et construire des expériences du type multi-canal que nous appelons ‘omni-visite’. Les implications théoriques et managériales de cette approche sont discutées.

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