What is valuation?

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Conceptualized by John Dewey in the 1930s, valuation can be defined as a social practice whereby actors reflexively reframe the inherited unsatisfactory values. Values are not considered as abstract properties, predetermined benefits, private preferences or undebatable statements, but as observable facts, practices and judgements, that everyone can see in our attitudes, relations and gestures. Valuation is thus a process where ends and means always interact, and where “ends-in-themselves”, transform into provisional “ends-in-view”. Finally, valuation implies an ethical and political dimension as the pragmatists only embrace values that enable emancipation, and help democratic processes flourish.

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La chaîne globale de valeur, cela veut dire « l’organisation transfrontalière des activités nécessaires pour produire des biens ou des services et les amener aux consommateurs par le biais d’intrants et de diverses phases de développement, de production et de livraison ». Si l’émergence des chaînes globale de valeur a dessiné de nouvelles opportunités économiques pour les pays en voie de développement, leur absence de régulation a également conduit à des violations des droits des travailleurs. Pour répondre aux enjeux de régulation des chaînes globales de valeur, une diversité d’instruments a été développée au cours des dernières décennies. Chacun de ces mécanismes est à lui seul trop faible pour assurer une protection suffisante des droits des travailleurs.
OKA Chikako - IAE Paris-Est |

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