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Dictionary of management

Dictionary of management
02:31

What is financial inclusion?

By financial inclusion, we mean a set of practices and commitments by banking institutions aimed at providing access to resources and opportunities for populations who, without such commitments, risk being discriminated against or marginalized. It plays an important role in the inclusion of individuals in society, promotes their recovery, and contributes more broadly to the economic and social development of communities.
MAYMO Vincent - IAE Bordeaux |
  • Management Dictionary
  • Corporate and Market Finance, Sustainable Development and CSR
02:53

What is the option in finance?

An option is the right to buy (call) or sell (put) an underlying asset at a predetermined expiration date and price, known as the strike price. The underlying asset can be a commodity, currency, interest rate, stock, or bond. The expiration date is the date on which the option is exercised. Options can be used as hedging tools or to speculate on whether the price of an underlying asset will rise or fall.
LEGROS Benjamin - EM Normandie |
  • Management Dictionary
  • Corporate and Market Finance
01:42

What is managerialism?

Managerialism is the concentration of power in the hands of managers, at the expense of other stakeholders within an organization. It thrives on a weakening of the professional authority of those who carry out the mission of their company or administration, which is replaced by the power of those who believe they know best and decide everything accordingly. Managers are tasked with setting collective objectives and deciding on the means to achieve them. Resisting managerialism, therefore, means restoring the authority of those who can explain and justify the why and how of what they do or propose to do.
JOULLIÉ Jean-Étienne - EMLV |
  • Management Dictionary
  • Governance, History of Management, Human Resources Management
02:50

What is the synthetic-analytic distinction?

Little known in France, the analytic-synthetic distinction is one of the cornerstones of empiricism in general and the scientific method in particular. Indeed, it translates, into everyday language, the fact that scientific knowledge derives either from experience (that is, from observation) or from logic applied to experience. The origins of the distinction date back to the fourteenth century and William of Ockham, but it was David Hume and then Immanuel Kant who gave it its definitive expression.
JOULLIÉ Jean-Étienne - EMLV |
  • Management Dictionary
  • Governance, Strategic Management
02:55

What is obedience?

Researchers in management schools generally accept a deterministic view of behavior, according to which obedience is the product of social forces acting on individuals and causing their behavior. This view received empirical validation in the famous studies of Solomon Asch and Staley Milgram. However, the records of these experiments allow us to interpret their surprising results in another way: if the subjects behaved as they did, it was because they believed they were doing the right thing. In other words, their obedience reflected a free and deliberate choice.
JOULLIÉ Jean-Étienne - EMLV |
  • Management Dictionary
  • Human Resources Management, Organizational Theory
03:19

Artificial Intelligence in recruitment : Is ethics a lever for Business Attractiveness?

More organizations use AI in the hiring process than ever before, yet the perceived ethicality of such processes seems to be mixed. With such variation in our views of AI in hiring, we need to understand how these perceptions impact the organizations that use it. In two studies, we investigate how ethical perceptions of using AI in hiring are related to perceptions of organizational attractiveness and innovativeness. Our findings indicate that ethical perceptions of using AI in hiring are positively related to perceptions of organizational attractiveness, both directly and indirectly via perceptions of innovativeness, with variations depending on the type of hiring method used. For instance, we find that individuals who consider it ethical for organizations to use AI in ways often considered to be intrusive to privacy, such as analyzing social media content, view such organizations as both more innovative and attractive.
FIGUEROA-ARMIJOS Maria - FNEGE |
  • Research
  • Digital Transformation, Human Resources Management
03:15

What is social finance?

Social financial institutions aim to finance social projects. Examples of such institutions include foundations, microfinance institutions, crowdfunding platforms, credit cooperatives, and social or ethical banks. Their operating methods are highly diverse: foundations make donations, while social banks provide loans. Social financial institutions make their investment and financing decisions based on social, environmental, and economic criteria.
COZARENCO Anastasia - MONTPELLIER Business School |
  • Management Dictionary
  • Corporate and Market Finance, Entrepreneurship, Management of Social and Solidarity Organizations
02:19

What are role tensions?

Role tensions reflect a feeling experienced by a person in a situation where it is difficult to respond satisfactorily to all the expectations directed toward them. Drawing in particular on Kahn et al.’s (1964) role theory, researchers generally agree on three forms of role tension: role ambiguity, role overload (or work overload), and role conflict. Scientific studies show that role tensions are detrimental both to individuals (e.g., work stress) and to organizations (e.g., decreased job performance, withdrawal behaviors, etc.). Paradoxically, despite their dysfunctional effects, HR managers and supervisors pay little attention to the management of role tensions!
COMMEIRAS Nathalie - IAE Grenoble |
  • Management Dictionary
  • Human Resources Management
03:43

What is individual error?

Individual errors are very common in organizational settings. But, concretely, how can they be defined?
CUSIN Julien - IAE Bordeaux |
  • Management Dictionary
  • Entrepreneurship, Human Resources Management
02:34

What is insider trading?

Insider trading is a criminal offense defined by the Monetary and Financial Code as "the act, for any person knowingly in possession of privileged information regarding the prospects of securities or financial instruments, of using or attempting to use it, for themselves or for others, either directly or indirectly."
DOURNAUX Marianne - IAE Paris-Sorbonne Business School |
  • Management Dictionary
  • Corporate and Market Finance, Organizational Theory, Strategic Management