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01:46

What is fintech?

Fintech refers to the use of innovative technologies in financial services, improving their accessibility and efficiency. It includes the automation of banking, investing, and risk management, using AI, blockchain, and big data.

AJILI BEN YOUSSEF Wissem - EM Normandie |

Management Dictionary
Corporate and Market Finance

03:26

What is management by values?

Value does not exist as such, but is expressed in a relationship between at least two people, two entities, or two actors. Historically, value in a company has been understood through an accounting or economic lens. Since the 2000s, stakeholders in companies no longer accept value in the singular. These stakeholders have VALUES, sometimes conflicting, which need to be made explicit. Thus, values-based management can be defined as the art of managing human relationships within a company by fostering a collective dynamic far greater than the sum of individual capabilities or criteria strictly related to economic performance.

VINOT Didier - iaelyon School of Management |

Management Dictionary
Human Resources Management, Sustainable Development and CSR

03:17

What is the Management of Healthcare Organizations?

"Health is priceless," certainly — but it does come at a cost. When we focus on the management of healthcare organizations, the challenge is to constantly reconcile at least two seemingly opposing logics: on one hand, the pursuit of the best possible care, and on the other, the optimization of economic, financial, and human resources. That is why the management of healthcare organizations must draw on all the traditional management disciplines — from strategy, finance, operations management, and information systems to marketing and human resource management — while assigning a specific role to a unique stakeholder who is not quite a customer, nor a regulator, nor an anonymous beneficiary, but the patient.

VINOT Didier - iaelyon School of Management |

Management Dictionary
Health Sector Management

02:07

What is decentralized finance?

Decentralized finance (DeFi) is a set of financial activities involving cryptoassets that are not controlled by a central authority. DeFi leverages blockchain technology through decentralized, disintermediated, and automated protocols to create financial applications that operate without intermediaries such as banks, financial institutions, or governments.

AJILI BEN YOUSSEF Wissem - EM Normandie |

Management Dictionary
Corporate and Market Finance

02:46

What is exchange rate risk?

Foreign exchange risk is the financial risk associated with fluctuations in exchange rates between currencies, affecting businesses, investors, and individuals in their international transactions. It can impact income, investments, or loan repayments depending on currency movements. A distinction is made between transaction risk, conversion risk, and economic risk. Its management relies on internal mechanisms (invoicing, netting) or external mechanisms (futures contracts, options), with a balance to be struck between cost and protection.

AJILI BEN YOUSSEF Wissem - EM Normandie |

Management Dictionary
Corporate and Market Finance

02:48

What is the income statement ?

The income statement is an essential document in accounting, showing the evolution of a company's income and expenses over a period, unlike the balance sheet which captures a situation at a precise moment. It is divided into three categories: operating (routine activities), financial (financing operations) and exceptional (specific events). The income statement influences economic performance and profitability, helping to guide decisions.

BOLLINGER Sophie - Faculté des Sciences Economiques et de Gestion Strasbourg |

Management Dictionary
Accounting and editing, Corporate and Market Finance

03:19

What is the SDGs ?

The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are 17 objectives adopted in 2015 by the United Nations to simultaneously address global economic, social, and environmental challenges by 2030. They cover a wide range of issues such as the eradication of poverty, universal access to quality education, the preservation of ecosystems, sustainable resource management, and the fight against climate change. For companies, adopting the SDGs represents a major strategic opportunity: it allows them to strengthen their social and environmental responsibility, improve their brand image, attract ethically conscious investors, while ensuring their long-term economic performance. However, successfully integrating them requires a strong commitment and real mobilization from all stakeholders inside and outside the company.

BOLLINGER Sophie - Faculté des Sciences Economiques et de Gestion Strasbourg |

Management Dictionary
Sustainable Development and CSR

02:59

What is environmental accounting ?

Environmental accounting aims to conserve natural capital, as traditional accounting does for financial assets, by valuing companies that promote the environment. The goal is to help companies integrate the costs associated with environmental impacts into their financial decisions. There are several types of environmental accounting: physical accounting (measuring resource flows such as water), monetary accounting (financial valuation of environmental costs), and ecological accounting (valuing ecosystem services).

BOLLINGER Sophie - Faculté des Sciences Economiques et de Gestion Strasbourg |

Management Dictionary
Accounting and editing, Management Control

03:06

What is the CSRD?

The CSRD (Corporate Sustainability Reporting Directive) is a European directive that requires large companies and certain SMEs to disclose information on their environmental, social, and governance (ESG) practices. It aims to enhance the transparency and reliability of sustainability reporting and enable better comparability across organizations. The directive introduces the European Sustainability Reporting Standards (ESRS) and requires the verification of reports by an independent third-party body. A “double materiality” approach is also required, asking companies to assess both the impact of sustainability on their business and the impact of their activities on society and the environment.

BOLLINGER Sophie - Faculté des Sciences Economiques et de Gestion Strasbourg |

Management Dictionary
Accounting and editing, Management Control

02:43

What is the balance sheet?

The balance sheet is a key document that provides a snapshot of a company's financial position at a given point in time. It is structured into two main parts: assets, representing what the company owns, and liabilities, representing what it owes. Assets are divided into fixed assets (intended to remain in the company long-term) and current assets (easily convertible into cash, such as inventory, receivables, or cash on hand). Liabilities include equity, provisions for risks and charges, as well as debts. The balance sheet allows for an assessment of the company's financial health by providing an overview of its resources and obligations. It is often complemented by other financial statements, such as the income statement, and financial indicators to refine the analysis of the company's financial condition.

BOLLINGER Sophie - Faculté des Sciences Economiques et de Gestion Strasbourg |

Management Dictionary
Accounting and editing, Management Control

03:07

What is the cost price?

The cost price corresponds to the total sum of all costs incurred to produce a good or provide a service. It includes direct costs (raw materials, specific labor) and indirect costs (overheads such as rent, administration, depreciation). It is an essential indicator for determining the selling price and analyzing profitability. Accurately calculating this cost presents challenges, notably the allocation of indirect expenses, regular fluctuations in resource prices, and hidden costs. Mastering the cost price allows for better resource management, enhancing the company's competitiveness and long-term sustainability.

BOLLINGER Sophie - Faculté des Sciences Economiques et de Gestion Strasbourg |

Management Dictionary
Management Control

03:32

What is depreciation?

Depreciation is an essential accounting concept that allows the gradual allocation of the cost of a fixed asset over its useful life. It reflects the loss of value of an asset due to physical wear and tear, technological obsolescence, or the passage of time. There are three main methods: straight-line depreciation (equal charges each year), declining balance depreciation (higher charges at the beginning, gradually decreasing), and units-of-production depreciation (charges based on actual usage). Depreciation ensures a faithful presentation of a company's financial results and helps anticipate the renewal of investments, thereby contributing to optimal strategic management of resources.

BOLLINGER Sophie - Faculté des Sciences Economiques et de Gestion Strasbourg |

Management Dictionary
Accounting and editing, Management Control