Entrepreneurial ecosystems in France and Norway

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This research compares student entrepreneurial ecosystems in France and Norway, focusing on how students access support, resources, and networks. In France, the system is centralized, driven by key actors like Student Hubs for Innovation, Transfer and Entrepreneurship, called PEPITE. In Norway, it is open and collaborative, with strong student associations and community ties. Using interviews and social network analysis, I explored the access and the circulation of information among actors in student entrepreneurial ecosystems. The results reveal different paths to innovation shaped by culture, policy, and education.

Supporting student entrepreneurship is not just about funding or training. It’s about building inclusive ecosystems where students, mentors, and institutions work together.

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The income statement is an essential document in accounting, showing the evolution of a company's income and expenses over a period, unlike the balance sheet which captures a situation at a precise moment. It is divided into three categories: operating (routine activities), financial (financing operations) and exceptional (specific events). The income statement influences economic performance and profitability, helping to guide decisions.
BOLLINGER Sophie - Faculté des Sciences Economiques et de Gestion Strasbourg |
03:19
The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are 17 objectives adopted in 2015 by the United Nations to simultaneously address global economic, social, and environmental challenges by 2030. They cover a wide range of issues such as the eradication of poverty, universal access to quality education, the preservation of ecosystems, sustainable resource management, and the fight against climate change. For companies, adopting the SDGs represents a major strategic opportunity: it allows them to strengthen their social and environmental responsibility, improve their brand image, attract ethically conscious investors, while ensuring their long-term economic performance. However, successfully integrating them requires a strong commitment and real mobilization from all stakeholders inside and outside the company.
BOLLINGER Sophie - Faculté des Sciences Economiques et de Gestion Strasbourg |
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BOLLINGER Sophie - Faculté des Sciences Economiques et de Gestion Strasbourg |
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The CSRD (Corporate Sustainability Reporting Directive) is a European directive that requires large companies and certain SMEs to disclose information on their environmental, social, and governance (ESG) practices. It aims to enhance the transparency and reliability of sustainability reporting and enable better comparability across organizations. The directive introduces the European Sustainability Reporting Standards (ESRS) and requires the verification of reports by an independent third-party body. A “double materiality” approach is also required, asking companies to assess both the impact of sustainability on their business and the impact of their activities on society and the environment.
BOLLINGER Sophie - Faculté des Sciences Economiques et de Gestion Strasbourg |

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This research compares student entrepreneurial ecosystems in France and Norway, focusing on how students access support, resources, and networks. In France, the system is centralized, driven by key actors like Student Hubs for Innovation, Transfer and Entrepreneurship, called PEPITE. In Norway, it is open and collaborative, with strong student associations and community ties. Using interviews and social network analysis, I explored the access and the circulation of information among actors in student entrepreneurial ecosystems. The results reveal different paths to innovation shaped by culture, policy, and education. Supporting student entrepreneurship is not just about funding or training. It’s about building inclusive ecosystems where students, mentors, and institutions work together.
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