What is synthetic-analytical distinction

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Little known in France, the analytic-synthetic distinction is one of the cornerstones of empiricism in general and the scientific method in particular. Indeed, it translates, into everyday language, the fact that scientific knowledge derives either from experience (that is, from observation) or from logic applied to experience. The origins of the distinction date back to the fourteenth century and William of Ockham, but it was David Hume and then Immanuel Kant who gave it its definitive expression.


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01:42
Le managérialisme est l’accaparement du pouvoir par les managers, aux dépends des autres parties prenantes d’une organisation. Il se développe sur un affaiblissement de l’autorité professionnelle de ceux qui réalisent la mission de leur entreprise ou de leur administration, remplacée par le pouvoir de celui qui croit savoir et qui décide de tout en conséquence. Les managérialistes ont pour mission de fixer les objectifs collectifs et de décider des moyens à utiliser pour atteindre ces objectifs. Résister au managérialisme, c’est donc restaurer l’autorité de celui qui est capable d’expliquer, de justifier le pourquoi et le comment de ce qu’il fait ou propose de faire.
JOULLIÉ Jean-Étienne - EMLV |
02:55
Les chercheurs des écoles de management acceptent généralement une perspective déterministe du comportement, selon laquelle l’obéissance est le produit de forces sociales agissant sur les individus et causant leur comportement. Cette perspective a reçu une validation empirique dans les célèbres études de Solomon Asch et de Staley Milgram. Cependant, les archives de ces expériences permettent d’interpréter leurs résultats surprenant dans un autre sens : si les personnes qui en furent les sujets se comportèrent comme elles le firent, c’est parce qu’elles croyaient bien faire. En d’autres termes, leur obéissance reflétait un choix libre et délibéré.
JOULLIÉ Jean-Étienne - EMLV |
01:42
Managerialism is the concentration of power in the hands of managers, at the expense of other stakeholders within an organization. It thrives on a weakening of the professional authority of those who carry out the mission of their company or administration, which is replaced by the power of those who believe they know best and decide everything accordingly. Managers are tasked with setting collective objectives and deciding on the means to achieve them. Resisting managerialism, therefore, means restoring the authority of those who can explain and justify the why and how of what they do or propose to do.
JOULLIÉ Jean-Étienne - EMLV |

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