What is an Investment?

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An investment is the allocation of resources, typically money, with the goal of generating returns or profit. Investments can take many forms, such as stocks, bonds, or real estate. While they inherently carry risk, smart strategies and diversification can help mitigate potential losses and increase gains.

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Vidéos de la même institution

03:06
Drawing from women's testimonials in The Guardian and from contributions of feminist writers, Virginia Woolf, Julia Kristeva, and Margaret Mead, we start a conversation on the positive and energizing aspects of menopause in the workplace. We propose a social interpretation of menopause that challenges a pervasive perspective of medical decline: A theorization of “the dialectic of zest,” as inspired by the writings of Margaret Mead. By problematizing the experiences of women going through this transition in the workplace, we reveal how well-intentioned awareness campaigns can lead to further stigmatization. We thus encourage organizations to not only favor an approach of “education for all” but also extend their social imaginaries beyond medicalized perspectives and coping views.
QUENTAL Camilla - EM Normandie |
02:53
Sustainability is increasingly vital for companies, addressing regulations, customer expectations, cost, and efficiency. Industry 4.0 introduces powerful tools like Internet of Things (IoT), Artificial Intelligence (AI), Blockchain, and Big Data Analytics, which enable real-time data sharing, automation, and greater traceability across supply chains. However, successful implementation requires strategic integration: companies must set clear objectives, map processes, and align with partners to form a unified digital network. This approach fosters transparency and real-time collaboration, which can reduce waste and optimize resource use, ultimately driving sustainable growth and improving customer satisfaction.
SRHIR Saoussane - EM Normandie |
02:33
Traditional supply chains are linear and slow, lacking real-time data sharing. Supply Chain 4.0, powered by Industry 4.0 technologies like AI, IoT, Blockchain, Big Data, and Autonomous robots, transforms these networks by integrating real-time communication among people, machines, and processes. This boosts efficiency through automation and advanced analytics, enabling accurate demand forecasting, cost reduction, and waste minimization. It also provides real-time visibility, allowing companies to track shipments and materials instantly.
SRHIR Saoussane - EM Normandie |
01:57
Risk in investing refers to the chance that actual returns may differ from expected ones, possibly leading to a loss of capital. High-risk investments often offer higher potential returns but are more volatile. Diversification is a key method for managing risk by spreading investments across different asset classes.
SALLOUM Charbel - EM Normandie |

Vidéos de la même thématique

This study investigates how green investment assets improve optimal portfolio diversification in terms of tail downside risk. We use the wavelet conditional value-at-risk ratio to explore the benefits of adding green assets to conventional portfolios. We quantify risk based on the contagion between conventional stock market indices and green environmental assets, including a sustainability index, clean energy, and green bonds. Our findings emphasize the high variance between conventional stock pairs, providing evidence of contagion effects before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. We show that including clean energy and green bond indices in conventional portfolios reduces the extreme risk of portfolios. In addition, we find that the diversification benefits of clean energy, green bonds, and safe-haven investments apply especially in the short term during the pandemic. Finally, we show that the considered portfolios could not decrease long-term risk during the COVID-19 crisis because of the systematic risk spread. Our portfolio optimization design supports the superiority of clean energy and green bonds in portfolio diversification over the sustainability index. These insights can be used by portfolio managers to inform diversification in different investment horizons.
FTITI Zied - |
Increasing awareness of climate change and its potential consequences on financial markets has led to interest in the impact of climate risk on stock returns and portfolio composition, but few studies have focused on perceived climate risk pricing. This study is the first to introduce perceived climate risk as an additional factor in asset pricing models. The perceived climate risk is measured based on the climate change sentiment of Twitter dataset with 16 million unique tweets in the years 2010–2019. One of the main advantages of our proxy is that it allows us to capture both physical and transition climate risks. Our results show that perceived climate risk is priced into S&P 500 Index stock returns and is robust when different asset-pricing models are used. Our findings have implications for market participants, as understanding the relationship between perceived climate risk and asset prices is crucial for investors seeking to navigate the financial implications of climate change, and for policymakers aiming to promote sustainable financing and mitigate the potential damaging effects of climate risk on financial markets, and a pricing model that accurately incorporates perceived climate risk can facilitate this understanding.
FTITI Zied - |
Financial assets are monetary instruments that can be traded in financial markets, such as stocks, bonds, and mutual funds. They allow investors to generate income or capital appreciation. Unlike physical assets, financial assets derive their value from contractual claims.
SALLOUM Charbel - EM Normandie |
A financial market is a marketplace where financial assets like stocks, bonds, and commodities are traded. These markets help businesses and governments raise capital and enable the efficient allocation of financial resources. Financial markets are vital for economic growth.
SALLOUM Charbel - EM Normandie |

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